Efectul Stroop

Extras din referat Cum descarc?

Testul Stroop masoara anumite componente ale atentiei executive, referindu-se in special la inhibarea raspunsului prepotent si rezolvarea unui conflict cognitiv sau afectiv, altfel spus, aceasta proba se refera la abilitatea de a rezolva,, conflicte intre stimuli simultani.
Cercetarile in acest sens au inceput in jurul anului 1890, de mare importanta fiind studiile elvetianului Stroop (1935) care, de altfel, da si numele testului.
Studiile referitoare la interferenta si facilitare, initiate deci in jurul anului 1890 prin Bowditch si Warren, J. W., continua si in prezent, fiind o paradigma experimentala des invocata in psihologie in studiul atentiei executive.
ABSTRACT: Stroop Test measures certain components of executive attention.
The test gives a special attention to the inhibition of the prepotent answer and the solution of the cognitive or affective conflict. In other words, the test gives us the picture of subject s ability to solve conflicts between simultaneous stimuli. The researches in this matter begun in 1890. Very importantes are the researches of Swiss scientist Stroop (1935), who also gives the test s name.
The studies of interference and facilitate, initiated around 1890 by Bowditch and Warren, J. W., continues in the present, being an experimental paradigm freguently invoked in psychology in the study of executive attention.
Therefore, this paradigm is the starting point for the present study.
Obiectiv: Ne propunem sa studiem efectul de interferenta versus facilitare in proba Stroop verbal.
Suport teoretic: Proba Stroop este un test care masoara anumite componente ale atentiei executive, referindu-se in special la inhibarea raspunsului prepotent si rezolvarea unui conflict cognitiv sau afectiv. Astfel, efectul Stroop se refera la abilitatea de a rezolva conflicte intre stimuli simultani.
Norman si Shallice (1980, 1986) au subliniat necesitatea existentei unui sistem de control pentru situatiile conflictuale masurate prin proba Stroop.
Acest sistem implicat in reglarea gandurilor, emotiilor, comportamentelor a primit numele de atentie executiva (Posner & Rothbart, 1998). S-a aratat ca atentia executiva este activa in sarcini care implica selectare, conflict si detectare de erori (Shallice & Burgess, 1996), implicit in abilitatea de a rezolva un conflict intre stimuli, cum e cazul stimulilor simultani din testul Stroop.
Sarcina testului Stroop presupune numirea culorii cernelei cu care a fost scris un cuvant, care poate fi neutru (ex. caine scris cu rosu), incongruent (ex. rosu scris cu albastru) sau congruent (rosu scris cu rosu) acest ultim tip apare mai tarziu in proba Stroop.
Exista mai multe feluri de Stroop-uri. Amintim doar Stroop-ul clasic (care va fi folosit si de noi in experiment), Stroop-ul spatial, cel de tip noapte-zi, cel emotional sau counting Stroop - Stroop-ul numaratoare. Fiecare dintre acestea au cerinte diferite, in functie de varsta subiectilor, toate ...

Fisiere in arhiva (1):

 Efectul Stroop.doc

Bibliografie

1.	Bair, J.H. (1902) - The practice curve : A study of the formation of habits - Psychol.  Rev. Monog. Suppl.,  19, 1 - 70;
2.	Bergstrome, J.A. (1984) - The relation of the interference of the practice effect of an association  - Amer. J. Psychol., 6, 433-442;
3.	Bowditch, H.P. & Warren, J.W. (1980) - The knee-jerk and its physiological modifications  - J. Psysiology, II, 25-46;
4.	Brown, W. (1915) - Practice in associating color names with colors - Psychol. Rev., 20, 45-55;
5.	Cattell, J.M. (1886) - The time it takes to see and name objects  - Mind, II, 63-65;
6.	Carneci, D. (1999) - The emotional stroop task and anxiety : a cognitive neuroscience approach  - Creier. Cognitie. Comportament , dec.;
7.	Culler, A.J. (1912) -  Interference and adaptability - Arch. of Psychol., 24;
8.	Kline, L.W. (1921) -  An experimental study of associative inhibition  - J. Exper. Psychol., 4, 270-299;
9.	Glaser, M.O. & Glaser, W.R. (1892) - Time course analysis of the Stroop phenomenon - J. of Exp. Psychol.: Human Perception and Performance, 8, 875-894;
10.	Lund, F.H. (1927) - The role of practice in speed of association - J. Exper. Psychol., 10, 424-433;
11.	Muller, G.E. & Schumann, F. (1894) - Experimentelle Beitrage Zu Utersuchung des Gedachtnisses - Zsch. F. Psychol., 6, 81-190;