The Object of Study of the Tourist Resources Management

Key words: tourism, wildlife tourism, wine tourism, literary tourism, extreme tourism, ecotourism, dark tourism, cultural tourism, adventure tourism

Objectives: To define tourism.

5 sectors of tourism.

Although many of us have been "tourists" at some point in our lives, defining what tourism actually is can be difficult Tourism is the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes. (1)

Tourism is also a business of providing and marketing services and facilities for pleasure travelers. Thus, the concept of tourism is of direct concern to governments, carriers, and the lodging, restaurant and entertainment industries and of indirect concern to virtually every industry and business in the world. (2)

The tourism industry is divided into five different sectors:

- Food and Beverage Services

- Accommodation

- Recreation and Entertainment

- Travel Services

- Transportation (1)

1. Food and beverage Services

This industry group encompasses all establishments supplying food and beverages for consumption, from fine dining specialties, ethnic restaurants and institutional food outlets to catering firms, pubs and lounges.

2. Accommodation

This industry group includes property or establishments that houses tourists while they travel, such as hotels, motels, campgrounds, RV parks and bed and breakfasts.

3. Recreation & Entertainment

This industry group includes everything from golf to skiing, horseback riding to whitewater rafting, bird watching to salmon fishing. Adventure tourism draws customers and workers alike who seek an experience off the beaten track.

Another key component of this industry group is attractions, which offer visitors a chance to explore the sights, facilities and wonders of their destination. Attractions generally include historic sites, heritage homes, museums, halls of fame, art galleries, botanical gardens, aquariums, zoos, water parks, amusement parks, casinos and cultural attractions

4. Travel Services

From extravagant galas and regional expositions to trade shows and corporate meetings, this industry group encompasses all large-scale events that attract groups to one location.

The travel services industry group also covers the area of travel trade, which refers to organizations that are responsible for the packaging, booking and ticketing of travel products - and includes both consumer-direct and business-to-business companies.

The area of tourism services is also covered within this industry group. As opposed to serving the needs of travelers, tourism services pertains to organizations, associations, government agencies and companies that specialize in serving the needs of the industry as a whole. Simply put, tourism services connects business and people, and generates destination awareness and information among potential travelers.

5. Transportation

This industry group includes all forms of transportation on roads, rail, in the air or on water. (3)

Tourism is a dynamic and competitive industry that requires the ability to constantly adapt to customers' changing needs and desires, as the customer's satisfaction, safety and enjoyment are particularly the focus of tourism businesses. (1)

Today every person with any interest and activity can find a tour, which will please him, as there is a great variety of types of tourism.

We can find such types of tourism like:

Adventure tourism is a type of niche tourism involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic and possibly hostile areas, where the traveler should "expect the unexpected". Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity as tourists seek unusual holidays, different from the typical beach vacation. According to the (U.S.-based) global Adventure Travel Trade Association, "adventure travel" may be any tourist activity including two of the following three components: a physical activity, a cultural exchange or interaction, and engagement with nature.

Cultural tourism is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or region's culture, especially its arts. It generally focuses on traditional communities who have diverse customs, unique form of art and distinct social practices, which basically distinguishes it from other types/forms of culture. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their cultural facilities such as museums and theatres.

Dark tourism (also black tourism or grief tourism) is tourism involving travel to sites associated with death and suffering. This includes castles and battlefields, sites of disaster, either natural or man made and prisons now open to the public.

Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a form of tourism that appeals to the ecologically and socially conscious individuals. Generally speaking, ecotourism focuses on volunteering, personal growth, and learning new ways to live on the planet; typically involving travel to destinations where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions.

Extreme tourism or shock tourism is a type of niche tourism involving travel to